# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
from __future__ import annotations

import collections.abc
import logging
import sys
import typing
from enum import Enum
from os import environ, linesep

from opentelemetry.context import (
    _SUPPRESS_INSTRUMENTATION_KEY,
    Context,
    attach,
    detach,
    set_value,
)
from opentelemetry.metrics import MeterProvider, get_meter_provider
from opentelemetry.sdk._shared_internal import (
    BatchProcessor,
)
from opentelemetry.sdk._shared_internal._processor_metrics import (
    create_processor_metrics,
)
from opentelemetry.sdk.environment_variables import (
    OTEL_BSP_EXPORT_TIMEOUT,
    OTEL_BSP_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE,
    OTEL_BSP_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE,
    OTEL_BSP_SCHEDULE_DELAY,
    OTEL_PYTHON_SDK_INTERNAL_METRICS_ENABLED,
)
from opentelemetry.sdk.environment_variables._internal import (
    parse_boolean_environment_variable,
)
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import ReadableSpan, Span, SpanProcessor
from opentelemetry.semconv._incubating.attributes.otel_attributes import (
    OtelComponentTypeValues,
)

_DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MILLIS = 5000
_DEFAULT_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE = 512
_DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 30000
_DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = 2048
_ENV_VAR_INT_VALUE_ERROR_MESSAGE = (
    "Unable to parse value for %s as integer. Defaulting to %s."
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class SpanExportResult(Enum):
    SUCCESS = 0
    FAILURE = 1


class SpanExporter:
    """Interface for exporting spans.

    Interface to be implemented by services that want to export spans recorded
    in their own format.

    To export data this MUST be registered to the :class`opentelemetry.sdk.trace.Tracer` using a
    `SimpleSpanProcessor` or a `BatchSpanProcessor`.
    """

    def export(
        self, spans: collections.abc.Sequence[ReadableSpan]
    ) -> SpanExportResult:  # pyright: ignore[reportReturnType]
        """Exports a batch of telemetry data.

        Args:
            spans: The list of `opentelemetry.trace.Span` objects to be exported

        Returns:
            The result of the export
        """

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        """Shuts down the exporter.

        Called when the SDK is shut down.
        """

    def force_flush(self, timeout_millis: int = 30000) -> bool:  # pyright: ignore[reportReturnType]
        """Hint to ensure that the export of any spans the exporter has received
        prior to the call to ForceFlush SHOULD be completed as soon as possible, preferably
        before returning from this method.
        """


class SimpleSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
    """Simple SpanProcessor implementation.

    SimpleSpanProcessor is an implementation of `SpanProcessor` that
    passes ended spans directly to the configured `SpanExporter`.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        span_exporter: SpanExporter,
        *,
        meter_provider: MeterProvider | None = None,
    ):
        self.span_exporter = span_exporter
        self._metrics = create_processor_metrics(
            "traces",
            OtelComponentTypeValues.SIMPLE_SPAN_PROCESSOR,
            meter_provider or get_meter_provider(),
            enabled=parse_boolean_environment_variable(
                OTEL_PYTHON_SDK_INTERNAL_METRICS_ENABLED
            ),
        )

    def on_start(
        self, span: Span, parent_context: Context | None = None
    ) -> None:
        pass

    def _on_ending(self, span: Span) -> None:
        pass

    def on_end(self, span: ReadableSpan) -> None:
        if not (span.context and span.context.trace_flags.sampled):
            return
        token = attach(set_value(_SUPPRESS_INSTRUMENTATION_KEY, True))
        error: Exception | None = None
        try:
            self.span_exporter.export((span,))
        # pylint: disable=broad-exception-caught
        except Exception as err:
            error = err
            logger.exception("Exception while exporting Span.")
        finally:
            self._metrics.finish_items(1, error)
        detach(token)

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        self.span_exporter.shutdown()

    def force_flush(self, timeout_millis: int = 30000) -> bool:
        # pylint: disable=unused-argument
        return True


class BatchSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
    """Batch span processor implementation.

    `BatchSpanProcessor` is an implementation of `SpanProcessor` that
    batches ended spans and pushes them to the configured `SpanExporter`.

    `BatchSpanProcessor` is configurable with the following environment
    variables which correspond to constructor parameters:

    - :envvar:`OTEL_BSP_SCHEDULE_DELAY`
    - :envvar:`OTEL_BSP_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE`
    - :envvar:`OTEL_BSP_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE`
    - :envvar:`OTEL_BSP_EXPORT_TIMEOUT`

    All the logic for emitting spans, shutting down etc. resides in the `BatchProcessor` class.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        span_exporter: SpanExporter,
        max_queue_size: int | None = None,
        schedule_delay_millis: float | None = None,
        max_export_batch_size: int | None = None,
        export_timeout_millis: float | None = None,
        *,
        meter_provider: MeterProvider | None = None,
    ):
        if max_queue_size is None:
            max_queue_size = BatchSpanProcessor._default_max_queue_size()

        if schedule_delay_millis is None:
            schedule_delay_millis = (
                BatchSpanProcessor._default_schedule_delay_millis()
            )

        if max_export_batch_size is None:
            max_export_batch_size = (
                BatchSpanProcessor._default_max_export_batch_size()
            )

        # Not used. No way currently to pass timeout to export.
        if export_timeout_millis is None:
            export_timeout_millis = (
                BatchSpanProcessor._default_export_timeout_millis()
            )

        BatchSpanProcessor._validate_arguments(
            max_queue_size, schedule_delay_millis, max_export_batch_size
        )

        self._batch_processor = BatchProcessor(
            span_exporter,
            schedule_delay_millis,
            max_export_batch_size,
            export_timeout_millis,
            max_queue_size,
            "Span",
            create_processor_metrics(
                "traces",
                OtelComponentTypeValues.BATCHING_SPAN_PROCESSOR,
                meter_provider or get_meter_provider(),
                capacity=max_queue_size,
                enabled=parse_boolean_environment_variable(
                    OTEL_PYTHON_SDK_INTERNAL_METRICS_ENABLED
                ),
            ),
        )

    # Added for backward compatibility. Not recommended to directly access/use underlying exporter.
    @property
    def span_exporter(self):
        return self._batch_processor._exporter  # pylint: disable=protected-access

    def on_start(
        self, span: Span, parent_context: Context | None = None
    ) -> None:
        pass

    def _on_ending(self, span: Span) -> None:
        pass

    def on_end(self, span: ReadableSpan) -> None:
        if not (span.context and span.context.trace_flags.sampled):
            return
        self._batch_processor.emit(span)

    def shutdown(self):
        return self._batch_processor.shutdown()

    def force_flush(self, timeout_millis: int | None = None) -> bool:
        return self._batch_processor.force_flush(timeout_millis)

    @staticmethod
    def _default_max_queue_size():
        try:
            return int(
                environ.get(OTEL_BSP_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE, _DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE)
            )
        except ValueError:
            logger.exception(
                _ENV_VAR_INT_VALUE_ERROR_MESSAGE,
                OTEL_BSP_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE,
                _DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE,
            )
            return _DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE

    @staticmethod
    def _default_schedule_delay_millis():
        try:
            return int(
                environ.get(
                    OTEL_BSP_SCHEDULE_DELAY, _DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MILLIS
                )
            )
        except ValueError:
            logger.exception(
                _ENV_VAR_INT_VALUE_ERROR_MESSAGE,
                OTEL_BSP_SCHEDULE_DELAY,
                _DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MILLIS,
            )
            return _DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MILLIS

    @staticmethod
    def _default_max_export_batch_size():
        try:
            return int(
                environ.get(
                    OTEL_BSP_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE,
                    _DEFAULT_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE,
                )
            )
        except ValueError:
            logger.exception(
                _ENV_VAR_INT_VALUE_ERROR_MESSAGE,
                OTEL_BSP_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE,
                _DEFAULT_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE,
            )
            return _DEFAULT_MAX_EXPORT_BATCH_SIZE

    @staticmethod
    def _default_export_timeout_millis():
        try:
            return int(
                environ.get(
                    OTEL_BSP_EXPORT_TIMEOUT, _DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS
                )
            )
        except ValueError:
            logger.exception(
                _ENV_VAR_INT_VALUE_ERROR_MESSAGE,
                OTEL_BSP_EXPORT_TIMEOUT,
                _DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS,
            )
            return _DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS

    @staticmethod
    def _validate_arguments(
        max_queue_size, schedule_delay_millis, max_export_batch_size
    ):
        if max_queue_size <= 0:
            raise ValueError("max_queue_size must be a positive integer.")

        if schedule_delay_millis <= 0:
            raise ValueError("schedule_delay_millis must be positive.")

        if max_export_batch_size <= 0:
            raise ValueError(
                "max_export_batch_size must be a positive integer."
            )

        if max_export_batch_size > max_queue_size:
            raise ValueError(
                "max_export_batch_size must be less than or equal to max_queue_size."
            )


class ConsoleSpanExporter(SpanExporter):
    """Implementation of :class:`SpanExporter` that prints spans to the
    console.

    This class can be used for diagnostic purposes. It prints the exported
    spans to the console STDOUT.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        service_name: str | None = None,
        out: typing.IO = sys.stdout,
        formatter: collections.abc.Callable[
            [ReadableSpan], str
        ] = lambda span: (span.to_json() + linesep),
    ):
        self.out = out
        self.formatter = formatter
        self.service_name = service_name

    def export(
        self, spans: collections.abc.Sequence[ReadableSpan]
    ) -> SpanExportResult:
        for span in spans:
            self.out.write(self.formatter(span))
        self.out.flush()
        return SpanExportResult.SUCCESS

    def force_flush(self, timeout_millis: int = 30000) -> bool:
        return True
